The Government has planned to amend Section 19 of the
Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 to enable woman in distress, especially
divorced, deserted and estranged wife to file suits for maintenance
or relief of any kind at a place of her residence. This is intended
to bring Section 19 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 in conformity
with Section 126 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973. This
will enhance the human rights of women in distress besides conveniencing
them to file suits for maintenance in the courts of the districts
they reside.
At present, woman in distress or divorced woman or
deserted woman has to file suit for compensation or maintenance
in the court of the district where her former husband resides,
resulting in a lot of inconveniences to the woman.
The proposal has been circulated to State Governments,
whose response is awaited. The matter comes under the Concurrent
List of the Constitution, wherein both the Centre and the States
can exercise jurisdiction concurrently or independently.
The proposal for amendment in the Hindu Marriage Act,
1955 follows recommendations of the Law Commission of India contained
in its 178th Report and that of the National Commission for Women
in its Annual Report 1999-2000.
The Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, the Special Marriage
Act, 1954, the Parsi Marriage and Divorce Act, 1936 and the Code
of Criminal Procedure, 1973 have been amended recently to make
it mandatory for the courts to grant interim relief to women
in distress within 60 days from the serving of notices to the
parties in divorce suits for maintenance to self, child(ren)
and aged parents. These effected through the Marriage Laws (Amendment)
Act, 2001 have been acclaimed widely by womens organisations
as a milestone in personal laws reforms insofar as it provides
social security to women in distress
RAJYA SABHA Railway
to launch Packaged Water -Rail Neer
Indian Railways will be launching package drinking
water named Rail Neer to be priced at Rs. 10/- per 1000 ml bottle
by this year end. To start with, Indian Railways Catering and
Tourism Corporation (IRCTC), a Public Limited Company under Ministry
of Railways will be setting up plants in Delhi and Danapur for
production of Rail Neer which will be for exclusive sale at railway
premises and on trains.
More such plants will be set up by the Corporation
across Indian Railways at suitable places in coming years.
This information was given by the Minister of State
for Railways , Shri Bandaru Dattatraya in a written reply to
a question by Dr. Alladi P.Rajkumar in the Rajya Sabha today.
Railways are continuously taking steps for computerizing
its activities specially in the field of passenger reservation.
Besides this , steps are underway to computerise freight movement
activities also in a phased manner.
There is a plan to cover all stations, having a workload
of 100 transactions per day, all District Headquarters, rail-head
as well as non- rail-head, and important tourist stations and
other important stations with computerized reservation facilities.
Further, the implementation of pilot project is underway in Delhi
area for providing facility of ticket booking through internet.
Facility of internet based booking will be extended to other
places depending upon the success of the pilot project. Computerised
passenger reservation services, with a facility of on-line booking
of tickets, are already available at 742 locations all over the
country. These facilities have been sanctioned at another 150
new locations in the Annual Budget 2002-03
Implementation of project of Freight Operation Information
System is underway Under Phase I, one more module, Rake Management
System (RMS for capturing the freight movement information in
rake form has been implemented on Zonal Railways. RMS application
provides information on rake based consignment tracking, stock
holding, train and stock interchange, terminal handling information,
loco holding and outage. Phase II covering implementation of
Terminal Management System (TMS) is underway and likely to be
completed by March2004. TMS application once implemented
will capture registration of indents for wagons by customers
and wagon-wise supply and loading details. It will also be possible
to issue computerized Railway Receipts.
Bahrain drafting Labour Legislation to prevent Child
Labour
Manama July 18, 2002.keralamonitor.com
The Government of Bahrain is in the process of drafting
a new labor legislation that is intended to bring the country
into full compliance with ILO Convention The government has also
established educational training programs for school dropouts.
Incidence and Nature of Child Labor Statistics on the number
of working children under the age of 15 years in Bahrain are
unavailable.Children work in family businesses and in the informal
sector as car washers,vendors, and porters. Child trafficking
is a problem throughout the Middle East and the Gulf States,
although there are no official confirmations of such activities
in Bahrain. Bahrain is the only Gulf country listed in the US
Labour Department Report on the Worst Form of Child Labour Problems
in the world.
Primary education is compulsory under the Constitution
and generally lasts until the age of 12 or 13. In 1996,the gross
primary enrollment rate was 105.6 percent,and the net primary
enrollment rate was 98.2 percent. Primary school attendance rates
are unavailable for Bahrain. While enrollment rates indicate
a level of commitment to education,they do not always reflect
children 's participation in school.
Bahrain 's Shura Council approved a draft Education
Law on October 9,2001,that would make education compulsory and
impose fines on parents of students who fail to attend school.
Child Labor Laws and Enforcement The Labor Law of 1976 establishes
14 years as the minimum age for employment.Ac- cording to the
Labor Law,children between the ages of 14 and 16 may not be employed
in hazardous conditions,at night,or for more than six hours per
day. The Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs has inspectors
to enforce legislation in the industrial sector,and reports indicate
that the mechanisms in place are effective.
Labor laws do not apply to child domestic workers.
Forced or compulsory child labor is prohibited by the Constitution.
Prostitution is illegal under the Penal Code,and there are increased
penalties for offenses involving a child less than 18 years of
age. The Government of Bahrain has not ratified ILO Convention
138,but ratified ILO Convention 182 on March 23,2001.
US issues report on child labour in
Africa and Middle East
keralamonitor.com July 18, 2002.
ABIDJAN, 17 July (IRIN) - The US Department of Labour
has highlighted
the problem of child trafficking and labour in a report covering
countries with which the US has trade relations.
Released in Washington on Friday, 'The Department of
Labor's 2001
Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor' presents information
on the
extent of the problem and reforms to curb it in 143 countries
and
territories that have commercial ties with the US government,
a State Department
news report said.
The 400-page report does not rank countries in order
of child labour
violations or assess their efforts to meet international obligations
to
end child abuse. It is mainly to serve as a guiding document
in
determining eligibility for various US trade benefits programmes,
the
department said. The document was prepared in response to new
requirements under the US Trade and Development Act of 2000 which
require beneficiary
nations to implement international commitments to eliminate the
worst forms
of child labour.
Child labour continues to be a major problem in West
Africa although
various initiatives are underway to contain it, the report said.
In
Burkina Faso, about 45 percent of children aged 10 to 14 worked
in
agriculture, mining and domestic services in 1999. However, the
country had no
specific legislation forbidding child trafficking and the government
had
minimal resources to combat the practice, the report says. A
national
child labour survey was due to be conducted in 2004.
In Senegal where 28.11 percent of children between
the ages of 10 and
14 were working in 1999, the government had implemented activities
to
remove children from the workforce and place them in schools
or training
programmes. The government was also working to revise national
child
labour laws to make them compatible with international standards,
and
planned to conduct a national child labour survey in 2004 with
assistance
from the International Labour Organisation.
Cameroon, "a source, transit and destination country
for the
trafficking of children", is on the verge of developing
a national plan. It was
estimated that 23.4 percent of minors (10-14 years old) were
employed in
numerous activities, including car washing, domestic servants,
prostitution. Despite the existence of laws, the report said,
the country
lacked resources for fighting child labour and trafficking.
Various other African countries are also mentioned
in the report.
Burma: Crackdown on Muslims
keralamonitor.com July 18, 2002.
(New York, July 18, 2002) The impact of violent attacks
against Muslims last year in Burma should be high on the agenda
of the U.N. special envoy when he visits Burma next month, Human
Rights Watch said today. The U.N. should also focus on the continuing
violations of religious freedom and other fundamental human rights
faced by Muslims in Burma.
These abuses were highlighted in a twelve-page briefing
paper,
"Crackdown on Burmese Muslims," released by Human Rights
Watch today. The paper, based on interviews with Burmese Muslims
and religious leaders inside the country, eyewitnesses to the
attacks, and other
material, provides details not previously known outside the country.
"The Burmese government must protect the rights
of Muslims. Instead, it
has imposed restrictions on Muslim religious activities and taken
no
action to punish those responsible for destroying Muslim homes
and
mosques," said Mike Jendrzejczyk, Washington Director for
Asia at Human
Rights Watch.
Former Malaysian Ambassador Razali Ismail, the U.N.'s
special envoy, is
due to make his eighth trip to Burma on August 2. He is expected
to meet
with ethnic minority leaders as well as government officials
and the
National League for Democracy (NLD.)
Human Rights Watch said that various factors sparked
last year's
confrontations between Buddhists and Muslims, including anger
over the
destruction of Buddhist images in Bamiyan, Afghanistan, in March
2001.
Military authorities confiscated pirated photos and videos of
the
Bamiyan statues being blown up by the Taliban, fearful they would
enflame Buddhist sentiment. But in some cities outside Rangoon,
there
were credible reports of military intelligence officers stirring
up
anti-Muslim violence.
The worst violence in eastern Burma took place in May
and September
2001, when the country's economic crisis was particularly severe.
In
Taungoo, north of Rangoon, more than a thousand people led by
robed
Buddhist monks attacked Muslim shops, homes and mosques. There
were
beatings and at least nine deaths, but the ruling State Peace
and
Development Council (SPDC) reportedly did little or nothing to
intervene
to stop or prevent the attacks. There were also outbreaks of
violence in
Prome in early October and Pegu.
Restrictions on travel by Muslims were far more rigidly
enforced in
2001, and earlier this year the government tightly restricted
the number
of Muslims allowed to travel to Mecca for the Haj pilgrimage.
Muslims
claimed they continue to have special difficulties getting passports
to
travel abroad.
In Arakan State, a predominantly Muslim area, human
rights abuses have
long been commonplace, including forced labor, restrictions on
freedom
of movement, and destruction of mosques. But in February 2001,
full
scale riots broke out in Sittwe, the state capital. The authorities
did
nothing to stop the violence initially, though they ultimately
intervened and imposed a curfew for more than two months. Muslims
from
nearby areas were forbidden to travel to Sittwe. As of May 2002,
few
Muslims were being allowed to travel freely out of northern Arakan.
Later in the year, there were credible reports in Arakan
of local
mosques being destroyed at the order of local military commanders.
One
former Muslim teacher quoted government officials as saying,
"In
Afghanistan, Talibans have destroyed statues of our Lord Buddha,
so that
is why we were destroying your mosques here."
Human Rights Watch urged the Burmese government to
take immediate steps
to end the persecution of Muslim communities, to prosecute those
responsible for attacks on Muslim civilians and property, and
to ensure
that losses are properly compensated. The government should also
allow
Ambassador Razali and the U.N. Special Rapporteur for Myanmar,
Paulo
Sergio Pinheiro, unrestricted access to Muslim areas, including
the
sites of last year's violence, so that they can meet with local
Muslim
residents and community leaders.
New Rules for Expatriate children
in the UAE
Dubai --keralamonitor.com July 18, 2002.
Expatriates in the UAE who have sons above the age of 18 and
are studying outside the country have to pay Dh5,000 a year for
their residence visas after a new rule implemented in April.
The same rule will apply for a boy studying in the UAE in an
institution that is not recognised by the Ministry of Education
and Youth. The residence visa is valid for one year and
it has to be renewed on the payment of
Dh5,000.
The boy can now stay outside the country for a year without
the residence visa being cancelled. Laws state that an expatriate's
residence visa will be cancelled if he stays out of the country
for a six-month stretch. If a boy is not studying
and is looking for a job, he will be given a year to look for
a job. This may be extended for another year or two, after which
a committee will decide on his fate. An expatriate parent whose
son is studying in Jordan in third year university said he used
to renew the residence visa for his son every year. But this
year when he went to renew it he was taken aback to discover
he would have to pay Dh5,000 for renewal.
The UAE is introducing a number of labour rules to reduce
the number of expatriates from Asian countries. The UAE government
has been concerned about the demographic imbalance between its
own citizens and the expatriate population.
First car air conditioner plant in Saudi Arabia.
Jeddah --July 18, 2002. Saudi Arabia's first plant
producing car air conditioners is inaugurated in south Jeddah.
The joint venture between Abdul Latif Jameel Co. Ltd., the Kingdom's
sole distributor of Toyota and Lexus, and Japan's Denso Corporation,
which is a world leading company for car air conditioners. The
plant will produce about 20,000 air conditioners annually for
Toyota Hilux to begin with, is established by the joint venture
company - Denso Abdul Latif Jameel Co. Ltd. established in April
2001 with a capital of $2 million. The two companies own 50 percent
share of the new company each and are managing it jointly. This
project is yet another joint venture between the two countries
and its success will encourage further investments from Japan.--
the second largest investor in the Kingdom."